Critical steps in the manufacturing process are controlled with in-process tests (IPCs). These include: - Transfection Efficiency: Monitored to ensure efficient vector production. - Chromatography Elution Profiles: The elution of the product from each chromatography column is monitored by UV absorbance to ensure proper separation and collection of the product peak. - Vector Genome Titer: An in-process qPCR test is performed after the final purification step to confirm vector recovery before final formulation. - Bioburden: Samples are tested for bioburden at key intermediate steps to monitor the microbial state of the process.